Ley de Gauss - Visualizaci\u00f3n del Campo El\u00e9ctrico<\/title>\r\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tailwindcss.com\"><\/script>\r\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500;700&family=Roboto+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n <style>\r\n :root {\r\n --bg-main: #1f2937;\r\n --bg-card: #374151;\r\n --bg-input: #4b5563;\r\n --text-primary: #f3f4f6;\r\n --text-secondary: #9ca3af;\r\n --accent-yellow: #fbbf24;\r\n --accent-cyan: #22d3ee;\r\n --accent-red: #ef4444;\r\n --formula-color: #fef3c7;\r\n }\r\n\r\n * {\r\n margin: 0;\r\n padding: 0;\r\n box-sizing: border-box;\r\n }\r\n\r\n body {\r\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\r\n background: var(--bg-main);\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n min-height: 100vh;\r\n padding: 20px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .formula-text {\r\n font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;\r\n color: var(--formula-color);\r\n font-weight: 500;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .card {\r\n background: var(--bg-card);\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n padding: 16px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-field {\r\n background: var(--bg-input);\r\n border: none;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n padding: 8px 12px;\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;\r\n }\r\n\r\n input[type=\"range\"] {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 6px;\r\n background: var(--bg-input);\r\n border-radius: 3px;\r\n outline: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n input[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 18px;\r\n height: 18px;\r\n background: var(--accent-yellow);\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .visualization-box {\r\n background: #111827;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: 1px solid #4b5563;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .chart-box {\r\n background: #111827;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: 1px solid #4b5563;\r\n padding: 12px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .logo-box {\r\n \r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: center;\r\n min-height: 60px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .logo-box img {\r\n max-height: 30px;\r\n object-fit: contain;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <div class=\"max-w-6xl mx-auto\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"mb-6\">\r\n <h1 class=\"text-2xl font-bold mb-2\">VISUALIZACI\u00d3N DEL CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO<\/h1>\r\n <p class=\"text-sm\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Ley de Gauss de la Electrost\u00e1tica<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"grid lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"lg:col-span-2 space-y-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"visualization-box p-4\">\r\n <canvas id=\"mainCanvas\" width=\"600\" height=\"350\"><\/canvas>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 mt-3 text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: var(--accent-red);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Carga positiva Q<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: var(--accent-yellow);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Vector campo el\u00e9ctrico E<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full border-2\" style=\"border-color: var(--accent-cyan);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Superficie gaussiana<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: #a78bfa;\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Vector \u00e1rea dA<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"chart-box\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO VS RADIO<\/h3>\r\n <canvas id=\"fieldChart\" width=\"280\" height=\"180\"><\/canvas>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"chart-box\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">FLUJO EL\u00c9CTRICO VS RADIO<\/h3>\r\n <canvas id=\"fluxChart\" width=\"280\" height=\"180\"><\/canvas>\r\n \r\n \r\n <br><br>\r\n \r\n\r\n<div class=\"logo-box\">\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/index.php\/FISAR_SIM\/\" target=\"_blank\">\r\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"FISAR_SIM_1\" alt=\"Logo\" class=\"logo-img\"><\/a>\r\n <div class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\"<b> Simulaciones Interactivas<\/b> FICA UNSL<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"space-y-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <label class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Carga el\u00e9ctrica (Q)<\/label>\r\n <input type=\"range\" id=\"chargeSlider\" min=\"0.5\" max=\"10\" step=\"0.01\" value=\"3.18\">\r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between mt-2\">\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"chargeDisplay\">3.18 nC<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">0.5 - 10 nC<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <label class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Radio de la superficie gaussiana (r)<\/label>\r\n <input type=\"range\" id=\"radiusSlider\" min=\"20\" max=\"150\" step=\"1\" value=\"80\">\r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between mt-2\">\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"radiusDisplay\">80 cm<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">20 - 150 cm<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card space-y-3\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">DATOS CALCULADOS<\/h3>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">Campo el\u00e9ctrico (E)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"eFieldDisplay\">4.47e+5 N\/C<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">Flujo el\u00e9ctrico (\u03a6)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"fluxDisplay\">3.59e+2 N\u00b7m\u00b2\/C<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">\u00c1rea superficie<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"areaDisplay\">8.04e+4 cm\u00b2<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">\u00c1ngulo \u03b8<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\">0\u00b0<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">F\u00d3RMULAS<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"space-y-2 text-sm\">\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">E = Q \/ (4\u03c0\u03b5\u2080r\u00b2)<\/span><\/p>\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">\u03a6 = Q \/ \u03b5\u2080<\/span><\/p>\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">\u222e E\u20d7 \u00b7 dA\u20d7 = Q_enc \/ \u03b5\u2080<\/span><\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n const EPSILON_0 = 8.854e-12;\r\n const K = 8.99e9;\r\n\r\n let charge = 3.18e-9;\r\n let radius = 80;\r\n\r\n const mainCanvas = document.getElementById('mainCanvas');\r\n const mainCtx = mainCanvas.getContext('2d');\r\n const fieldChart = document.getElementById('fieldChart');\r\n const fieldChartCtx = fieldChart.getContext('2d');\r\n const fluxChart = document.getElementById('fluxChart');\r\n const fluxChartCtx = fluxChart.getContext('2d');\r\n\r\n const chargeSlider = document.getElementById('chargeSlider');\r\n const radiusSlider = document.getElementById('radiusSlider');\r\n const chargeDisplay = document.getElementById('chargeDisplay');\r\n const radiusDisplay = document.getElementById('radiusDisplay');\r\n const eFieldDisplay = document.getElementById('eFieldDisplay');\r\n const fluxDisplay = document.getElementById('fluxDisplay');\r\n const areaDisplay = document.getElementById('areaDisplay');\r\n\r\n function calculateEField(Q, r) {\r\n const rMeters = r * 0.01;\r\n return K * Q \/ (rMeters * rMeters);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculateFlux(Q) {\r\n return Q \/ EPSILON_0;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculateArea(r) {\r\n return 4 * Math.PI * r * r;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function formatExponential(num) {\r\n return num.toExponential(2);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawMainVisualization() {\r\n const ctx = mainCtx;\r\n const width = mainCanvas.width;\r\n const height = mainCanvas.height;\r\n const centerX = width \/ 2;\r\n const centerY = height \/ 2;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const surfaceRadius = Math.max(20, Math.min(radius * 1.5, Math.min(width, height) \/ 2 - 40));\r\n\r\n \/\/ Gaussian surface\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(centerX, centerY, surfaceRadius, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.setLineDash([6, 4]);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n ctx.setLineDash([]);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Label\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.font = '12px Roboto';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius + ' cm', centerX + surfaceRadius + 8, centerY);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Field lines and vectors\r\n const numLines = 12;\r\n const eField = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const eRatio = Math.sqrt(eField \/ maxE);\r\n const vectorLength = Math.max(8, Math.min(30, eRatio * 30));\r\n\r\n for (let i = 0; i < numLines; i++) {\r\n const angle = (i \/ numLines) * Math.PI * 2;\r\n const lineLength = Math.min(width, height) \/ 2 - 20;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Field line\r\n const startX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * 18;\r\n const startY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * 18;\r\n const endX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * lineLength;\r\n const endY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * lineLength;\r\n\r\n const grad = ctx.createLinearGradient(startX, startY, endX, endY);\r\n grad.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.8)');\r\n grad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.1)');\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(startX, startY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(endX, endY);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = grad;\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ E vector on Gaussian surface\r\n const vecX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * surfaceRadius;\r\n const vecY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * surfaceRadius;\r\n\r\n ctx.save();\r\n ctx.translate(vecX, vecY);\r\n ctx.rotate(angle);\r\n \r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(0, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength, 0);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(vectorLength, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength - 6, -4);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength - 6, 4);\r\n ctx.closePath();\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n \r\n ctx.restore();\r\n\r\n \/\/ dA vector - AUMENTADO\r\n const daLength = 28;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(vecX, vecY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vecX + Math.cos(angle) * daLength, vecY + Math.sin(angle) * daLength);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#a78bfa';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n \r\n \/\/ dA arrow head\r\n const daEndX = vecX + Math.cos(angle) * daLength;\r\n const daEndY = vecY + Math.sin(angle) * daLength;\r\n ctx.save();\r\n ctx.translate(daEndX, daEndY);\r\n ctx.rotate(angle);\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(0, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(-5, -3);\r\n ctx.lineTo(-5, 3);\r\n ctx.closePath();\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#a78bfa';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n ctx.restore();\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ Central charge\r\n const chargeGrad = ctx.createRadialGradient(centerX, centerY, 0, centerX, centerY, 18);\r\n chargeGrad.addColorStop(0, '#ef4444');\r\n chargeGrad.addColorStop(1, '#b91c1c');\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(centerX, centerY, 16, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = chargeGrad;\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fff';\r\n ctx.font = 'bold 16px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';\r\n ctx.fillText('+', centerX, centerY);\r\n\r\n \/\/ CAMBIADO: texto de carga m\u00e1s claro\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fecaca';\r\n ctx.font = '11px Roboto';\r\n ctx.fillText('Q = ' + (charge * 1e9).toFixed(2) + ' nC', centerX, centerY + 30);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawFieldChart() {\r\n const ctx = fieldChartCtx;\r\n const width = fieldChart.width;\r\n const height = fieldChart.height;\r\n const padding = 35;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const chartW = width - padding - 10;\r\n const chartH = height - padding - 15;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Axes\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#4b5563';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, 10);\r\n ctx.lineTo(padding, height - padding);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, height - padding);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Labels\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#9ca3af';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.fillText('r (cm)', width \/ 2, height - 3);\r\n ctx.fillText('E', 10, height \/ 2);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Curve E vs r\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n for (let r = 20; r <= 150; r++) {\r\n const e = calculateEField(charge, r);\r\n const x = padding + ((r - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const y = (height - padding) - (e \/ maxE) * chartH * 0.9;\r\n \r\n if (r === 20) ctx.moveTo(x, y);\r\n else ctx.lineTo(x, y);\r\n }\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Current point\r\n const currentE = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const pointX = padding + ((radius - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n const pointY = (height - padding) - (currentE \/ maxE) * chartH * 0.9;\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(pointX, pointY, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius, pointX + 8, pointY - 5);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawFluxChart() {\r\n const ctx = fluxChartCtx;\r\n const width = fluxChart.width;\r\n const height = fluxChart.height;\r\n const padding = 35;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const chartW = width - padding - 10;\r\n const chartH = height - padding - 15;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Axes\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#4b5563';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, 10);\r\n ctx.lineTo(padding, height - padding);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, height - padding);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Labels\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#9ca3af';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.fillText('r (cm)', width \/ 2, height - 3);\r\n ctx.fillText('\u03a6', 10, height \/ 2);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Horizontal line (constant flux)\r\n const fluxY = (height - padding + 10) \/ 2;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, fluxY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, fluxY);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Current point\r\n const pointX = padding + ((radius - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(pointX, fluxY, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius, pointX + 8, fluxY - 8);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateDisplays() {\r\n const eField = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const flux = calculateFlux(charge);\r\n const area = calculateArea(radius);\r\n\r\n eFieldDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(eField) + ' N\/C';\r\n fluxDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(flux) + ' N\u00b7m\u00b2\/C';\r\n areaDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(area) + ' cm\u00b2';\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateAll() {\r\n updateDisplays();\r\n drawMainVisualization();\r\n drawFieldChart();\r\n drawFluxChart();\r\n }\r\n\r\n chargeSlider.addEventListener('input', function(e) {\r\n charge = parseFloat(e.target.value) * 1e-9;\r\n chargeDisplay.textContent = e.target.value + ' nC';\r\n updateAll();\r\n });\r\n\r\n radiusSlider.addEventListener('input', function(e) {\r\n radius = parseInt(e.target.value);\r\n radiusDisplay.textContent = radius + ' cm';\r\n updateAll();\r\n });\r\n\r\n updateAll();\r\n <\/script>\r\n \r\n <style>\r\n .btn-guia {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 24px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n z-index: 999;\r\n background: #3fb950;\r\n color: #0d1117;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n padding: 10px 18px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(63,185,80,0.35);\r\n transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia:hover {\r\n transform: translateY(-2px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(63,185,80,0.5);\r\n }\r\n\r\n .guia-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 70px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n width: 420px;\r\n height: 520px;\r\n z-index: 1000;\r\n background: rgba(22, 27, 34, 0.97);\r\n border: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);\r\n display: none;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(16px);\r\n }\r\n .guia-panel.visible { display: flex; }\r\n\r\n .guia-header {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n padding: 12px 16px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #e6edf3;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .guia-close {\r\n background: none;\r\n border: none;\r\n color: #8b949e;\r\n font-size: 1.1rem;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n padding: 2px 6px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n transition: color 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n .guia-close:hover { color: #e6edf3; }\r\n\r\n .guia-iframe {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n flex: 1;\r\n border: none;\r\n background: white;\r\n }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n  y \r\n ==================================================== -->\r\n \r\n<style>\r\n .btn-guia {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 24px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n z-index: 999;\r\n background: #3fb950;\r\n color: #0d1117;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n padding: 10px 18px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(63,185,80,0.35);\r\n transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia:hover {\r\n transform: translateY(-2px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(63,185,80,0.5);\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; flex-shrink: 0; }\r\n \r\n .guia-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 72px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n width: 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stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 3h6a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v14a3 3 0 0 0-3-3H2z\"\/><path d=\"M22 3h-6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v14a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h7z\"\/><\/svg>\r\n Gu\u00eda de uso\r\n <\/div>\r\n <button class=\"guia-close\" onclick=\"toggleGuia()\">\u2715<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"guia-body\">\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; color: #333;\">\r\n<h3 style=\"color: #0056b3;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000080;\">Ley de Gauss: Carga Puntual<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000080;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #ff0000;\"> <\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Objetivo:<\/strong> Analizar la simetr\u00eda esf\u00e9rica del campo el\u00e9ctrico generado por una carga puntual y verificar que el flujo neto a trav\u00e9s de una superficie gaussiana esf\u00e9rica depende exclusivamente del valor de dicha carga.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Descripci\u00f3n breve:<\/strong> Simulaci\u00f3n interactiva que sit\u00faa una carga puntual en el centro de una superficie esf\u00e9rica de radio variable. Permite visualizar la perpendicularidad entre el vector campo el\u00e9ctrico y el vector diferencial de \u00e1rea en toda la superficie, facilitando el c\u00e1lculo del flujo mediante la relaci\u00f3n:<\/span>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\\( \\Phi = E \\cdot A = E \\cdot (4\\pi r^2) \\)<\/span><\/div>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Es una herramienta ideal para demostrar por qu\u00e9 el campo el\u00e9ctrico de una carga puntual decae con el cuadrado de la distancia \\((1\/r^2)\\).<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>C\u00f3mo usar (pasos):<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Asignar un valor y signo a la carga central (\\(q\\)).<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Modificar el radio (\\(r\\)) de la superficie esf\u00e9rica gaussiana mediante el control deslizante.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Activar la visualizaci\u00f3n de los vectores \\(\\mathbf{E}\\) y \\(d\\mathbf{A}\\) para comprobar que son paralelos en cualquier punto de la esfera.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Observar el valor de la intensidad del campo el\u00e9ctrico (\\(E\\)) en la superficie a medida que cambia el radio.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Consultar el panel num\u00e9rico para verificar que el flujo total (\\(\\Phi\\)) permanece constante aunque el radio de la esfera cambie.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Par\u00e1metros ajustables:<\/strong> Magnitud y signo de la carga (\\(q\\)), radio de la esfera (\\(r\\)), mostrar\/ocultar vectores, mostrar\/ocultar l\u00edneas de campo y visualizaci\u00f3n de la densidad de flujo.<\/span>\r\n<p style=\"background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 15px; border-left: 5px solid #0056b3;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Resultados esperados \/ observaciones:<\/strong> El flujo el\u00e9ctrico total es constante para un valor de \\(q\\) dado, sin importar el radio elegido. Al aumentar el radio, la intensidad del campo (\\(E\\)) disminuye, pero como el \u00e1rea (\\(4\\pi r^2\\)) aumenta en la misma proporci\u00f3n, el flujo no var\u00eda. Esto confirma que el flujo depende solo de la fuente (la carga).<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<button class=\"btn-guia\" onclick=\"toggleGuia()\">\r\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 3h6a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v14a3 3 0 0 0-3-3H2z\"\/><path d=\"M22 3h-6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v14a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h7z\"\/><\/svg>\r\n Gu\u00eda de uso\r\n<\/button>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n function toggleGuia() {\r\n document.getElementById('guiaPanel').classList.toggle('visible');\r\n }\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ley de Gauss – Visualizaci\u00f3n del Campo El\u00e9ctrico VISUALIZACI\u00d3N DEL CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO Ley de Gauss de la Electrost\u00e1tica Carga positiva Q Vector campo el\u00e9ctrico E…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6030","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>ley_de_gauss_carga_puntual - 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\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n Ley de Gauss - Visualizaci\u00f3n del Campo El\u00e9ctrico<\/title>\r\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tailwindcss.com\"><\/script>\r\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500;700&family=Roboto+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n <style>\r\n :root {\r\n --bg-main: #1f2937;\r\n --bg-card: #374151;\r\n --bg-input: #4b5563;\r\n --text-primary: #f3f4f6;\r\n --text-secondary: #9ca3af;\r\n --accent-yellow: #fbbf24;\r\n --accent-cyan: #22d3ee;\r\n --accent-red: #ef4444;\r\n --formula-color: #fef3c7;\r\n }\r\n\r\n * {\r\n margin: 0;\r\n padding: 0;\r\n box-sizing: border-box;\r\n }\r\n\r\n body {\r\n font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;\r\n background: var(--bg-main);\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n min-height: 100vh;\r\n padding: 20px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .formula-text {\r\n font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;\r\n color: var(--formula-color);\r\n font-weight: 500;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .card {\r\n background: var(--bg-card);\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n padding: 16px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-field {\r\n background: var(--bg-input);\r\n border: none;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n padding: 8px 12px;\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n font-family: 'Roboto Mono', monospace;\r\n }\r\n\r\n input[type=\"range\"] {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 6px;\r\n background: var(--bg-input);\r\n border-radius: 3px;\r\n outline: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n input[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 18px;\r\n height: 18px;\r\n background: var(--accent-yellow);\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .visualization-box {\r\n background: #111827;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: 1px solid #4b5563;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .chart-box {\r\n background: #111827;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: 1px solid #4b5563;\r\n padding: 12px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .logo-box {\r\n \r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: center;\r\n min-height: 60px;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .logo-box img {\r\n max-height: 30px;\r\n object-fit: contain;\r\n }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <div class=\"max-w-6xl mx-auto\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"mb-6\">\r\n <h1 class=\"text-2xl font-bold mb-2\">VISUALIZACI\u00d3N DEL CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO<\/h1>\r\n <p class=\"text-sm\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Ley de Gauss de la Electrost\u00e1tica<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"grid lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"lg:col-span-2 space-y-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"visualization-box p-4\">\r\n <canvas id=\"mainCanvas\" width=\"600\" height=\"350\"><\/canvas>\r\n \r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-4 mt-3 text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: var(--accent-red);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Carga positiva Q<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: var(--accent-yellow);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Vector campo el\u00e9ctrico E<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full border-2\" style=\"border-color: var(--accent-cyan);\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Superficie gaussiana<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"flex items-center gap-2\">\r\n <div class=\"w-3 h-3 rounded-full\" style=\"background: #a78bfa;\"><\/div>\r\n <span>Vector \u00e1rea dA<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"grid md:grid-cols-2 gap-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"chart-box\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO VS RADIO<\/h3>\r\n <canvas id=\"fieldChart\" width=\"280\" height=\"180\"><\/canvas>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"chart-box\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">FLUJO EL\u00c9CTRICO VS RADIO<\/h3>\r\n <canvas id=\"fluxChart\" width=\"280\" height=\"180\"><\/canvas>\r\n \r\n \r\n <br><br>\r\n \r\n\r\n<div class=\"logo-box\">\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/index.php\/FISAR_SIM\/\" target=\"_blank\">\r\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"FISAR_SIM_1\" alt=\"Logo\" class=\"logo-img\"><\/a>\r\n <div class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\"<b> Simulaciones Interactivas<\/b> FICA UNSL<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"space-y-4\">\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <label class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Carga el\u00e9ctrica (Q)<\/label>\r\n <input type=\"range\" id=\"chargeSlider\" min=\"0.5\" max=\"10\" step=\"0.01\" value=\"3.18\">\r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between mt-2\">\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"chargeDisplay\">3.18 nC<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">0.5 - 10 nC<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <label class=\"block text-sm mb-2\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">Radio de la superficie gaussiana (r)<\/label>\r\n <input type=\"range\" id=\"radiusSlider\" min=\"20\" max=\"150\" step=\"1\" value=\"80\">\r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between mt-2\">\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"radiusDisplay\">80 cm<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"text-xs\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">20 - 150 cm<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card space-y-3\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">DATOS CALCULADOS<\/h3>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">Campo el\u00e9ctrico (E)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"eFieldDisplay\">4.47e+5 N\/C<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">Flujo el\u00e9ctrico (\u03a6)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"fluxDisplay\">3.59e+2 N\u00b7m\u00b2\/C<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2 border-b\" style=\"border-color: #4b5563;\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">\u00c1rea superficie<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\" id=\"areaDisplay\">8.04e+4 cm\u00b2<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"flex justify-between items-center py-2\">\r\n <span class=\"text-sm\">\u00c1ngulo \u03b8<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"input-field text-sm\">0\u00b0<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n \r\n <div class=\"card\">\r\n <h3 class=\"text-sm font-medium mb-3\" style=\"color: var(--text-secondary);\">F\u00d3RMULAS<\/h3>\r\n <div class=\"space-y-2 text-sm\">\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">E = Q \/ (4\u03c0\u03b5\u2080r\u00b2)<\/span><\/p>\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">\u03a6 = Q \/ \u03b5\u2080<\/span><\/p>\r\n <p><span class=\"formula-text\">\u222e E\u20d7 \u00b7 dA\u20d7 = Q_enc \/ \u03b5\u2080<\/span><\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n const EPSILON_0 = 8.854e-12;\r\n const K = 8.99e9;\r\n\r\n let charge = 3.18e-9;\r\n let radius = 80;\r\n\r\n const mainCanvas = document.getElementById('mainCanvas');\r\n const mainCtx = mainCanvas.getContext('2d');\r\n const fieldChart = document.getElementById('fieldChart');\r\n const fieldChartCtx = fieldChart.getContext('2d');\r\n const fluxChart = document.getElementById('fluxChart');\r\n const fluxChartCtx = fluxChart.getContext('2d');\r\n\r\n const chargeSlider = document.getElementById('chargeSlider');\r\n const radiusSlider = document.getElementById('radiusSlider');\r\n const chargeDisplay = document.getElementById('chargeDisplay');\r\n const radiusDisplay = document.getElementById('radiusDisplay');\r\n const eFieldDisplay = document.getElementById('eFieldDisplay');\r\n const fluxDisplay = document.getElementById('fluxDisplay');\r\n const areaDisplay = document.getElementById('areaDisplay');\r\n\r\n function calculateEField(Q, r) {\r\n const rMeters = r * 0.01;\r\n return K * Q \/ (rMeters * rMeters);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculateFlux(Q) {\r\n return Q \/ EPSILON_0;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculateArea(r) {\r\n return 4 * Math.PI * r * r;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function formatExponential(num) {\r\n return num.toExponential(2);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawMainVisualization() {\r\n const ctx = mainCtx;\r\n const width = mainCanvas.width;\r\n const height = mainCanvas.height;\r\n const centerX = width \/ 2;\r\n const centerY = height \/ 2;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const surfaceRadius = Math.max(20, Math.min(radius * 1.5, Math.min(width, height) \/ 2 - 40));\r\n\r\n \/\/ Gaussian surface\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(centerX, centerY, surfaceRadius, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.setLineDash([6, 4]);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n ctx.setLineDash([]);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Label\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.font = '12px Roboto';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius + ' cm', centerX + surfaceRadius + 8, centerY);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Field lines and vectors\r\n const numLines = 12;\r\n const eField = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const eRatio = Math.sqrt(eField \/ maxE);\r\n const vectorLength = Math.max(8, Math.min(30, eRatio * 30));\r\n\r\n for (let i = 0; i < numLines; i++) {\r\n const angle = (i \/ numLines) * Math.PI * 2;\r\n const lineLength = Math.min(width, height) \/ 2 - 20;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Field line\r\n const startX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * 18;\r\n const startY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * 18;\r\n const endX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * lineLength;\r\n const endY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * lineLength;\r\n\r\n const grad = ctx.createLinearGradient(startX, startY, endX, endY);\r\n grad.addColorStop(0, 'rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.8)');\r\n grad.addColorStop(1, 'rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.1)');\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(startX, startY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(endX, endY);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = grad;\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1.5;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ E vector on Gaussian surface\r\n const vecX = centerX + Math.cos(angle) * surfaceRadius;\r\n const vecY = centerY + Math.sin(angle) * surfaceRadius;\r\n\r\n ctx.save();\r\n ctx.translate(vecX, vecY);\r\n ctx.rotate(angle);\r\n \r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(0, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength, 0);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(vectorLength, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength - 6, -4);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vectorLength - 6, 4);\r\n ctx.closePath();\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n \r\n ctx.restore();\r\n\r\n \/\/ dA vector - AUMENTADO\r\n const daLength = 28;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(vecX, vecY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(vecX + Math.cos(angle) * daLength, vecY + Math.sin(angle) * daLength);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#a78bfa';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n \r\n \/\/ dA arrow head\r\n const daEndX = vecX + Math.cos(angle) * daLength;\r\n const daEndY = vecY + Math.sin(angle) * daLength;\r\n ctx.save();\r\n ctx.translate(daEndX, daEndY);\r\n ctx.rotate(angle);\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(0, 0);\r\n ctx.lineTo(-5, -3);\r\n ctx.lineTo(-5, 3);\r\n ctx.closePath();\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#a78bfa';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n ctx.restore();\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/\/ Central charge\r\n const chargeGrad = ctx.createRadialGradient(centerX, centerY, 0, centerX, centerY, 18);\r\n chargeGrad.addColorStop(0, '#ef4444');\r\n chargeGrad.addColorStop(1, '#b91c1c');\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(centerX, centerY, 16, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = chargeGrad;\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fff';\r\n ctx.font = 'bold 16px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';\r\n ctx.fillText('+', centerX, centerY);\r\n\r\n \/\/ CAMBIADO: texto de carga m\u00e1s claro\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fecaca';\r\n ctx.font = '11px Roboto';\r\n ctx.fillText('Q = ' + (charge * 1e9).toFixed(2) + ' nC', centerX, centerY + 30);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawFieldChart() {\r\n const ctx = fieldChartCtx;\r\n const width = fieldChart.width;\r\n const height = fieldChart.height;\r\n const padding = 35;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const chartW = width - padding - 10;\r\n const chartH = height - padding - 15;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Axes\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#4b5563';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, 10);\r\n ctx.lineTo(padding, height - padding);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, height - padding);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Labels\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#9ca3af';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.fillText('r (cm)', width \/ 2, height - 3);\r\n ctx.fillText('E', 10, height \/ 2);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Curve E vs r\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n for (let r = 20; r <= 150; r++) {\r\n const e = calculateEField(charge, r);\r\n const x = padding + ((r - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const y = (height - padding) - (e \/ maxE) * chartH * 0.9;\r\n \r\n if (r === 20) ctx.moveTo(x, y);\r\n else ctx.lineTo(x, y);\r\n }\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Current point\r\n const currentE = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const maxE = calculateEField(charge, 20);\r\n const pointX = padding + ((radius - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n const pointY = (height - padding) - (currentE \/ maxE) * chartH * 0.9;\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(pointX, pointY, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#fbbf24';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius, pointX + 8, pointY - 5);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function drawFluxChart() {\r\n const ctx = fluxChartCtx;\r\n const width = fluxChart.width;\r\n const height = fluxChart.height;\r\n const padding = 35;\r\n\r\n ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#111827';\r\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);\r\n\r\n const chartW = width - padding - 10;\r\n const chartH = height - padding - 15;\r\n\r\n \/\/ Axes\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#4b5563';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 1;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, 10);\r\n ctx.lineTo(padding, height - padding);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, height - padding);\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Labels\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#9ca3af';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto';\r\n ctx.textAlign = 'center';\r\n ctx.fillText('r (cm)', width \/ 2, height - 3);\r\n ctx.fillText('\u03a6', 10, height \/ 2);\r\n\r\n \/\/ Horizontal line (constant flux)\r\n const fluxY = (height - padding + 10) \/ 2;\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.moveTo(padding, fluxY);\r\n ctx.lineTo(width - 10, fluxY);\r\n ctx.strokeStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.lineWidth = 2;\r\n ctx.stroke();\r\n\r\n \/\/ Current point\r\n const pointX = padding + ((radius - 20) \/ 130) * chartW;\r\n\r\n ctx.beginPath();\r\n ctx.arc(pointX, fluxY, 5, 0, Math.PI * 2);\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.fill();\r\n\r\n ctx.fillStyle = '#22d3ee';\r\n ctx.font = '10px Roboto Mono';\r\n ctx.fillText('r = ' + radius, pointX + 8, fluxY - 8);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateDisplays() {\r\n const eField = calculateEField(charge, radius);\r\n const flux = calculateFlux(charge);\r\n const area = calculateArea(radius);\r\n\r\n eFieldDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(eField) + ' N\/C';\r\n fluxDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(flux) + ' N\u00b7m\u00b2\/C';\r\n areaDisplay.textContent = formatExponential(area) + ' cm\u00b2';\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateAll() {\r\n updateDisplays();\r\n drawMainVisualization();\r\n drawFieldChart();\r\n drawFluxChart();\r\n }\r\n\r\n chargeSlider.addEventListener('input', function(e) {\r\n charge = parseFloat(e.target.value) * 1e-9;\r\n chargeDisplay.textContent = e.target.value + ' nC';\r\n updateAll();\r\n });\r\n\r\n radiusSlider.addEventListener('input', function(e) {\r\n radius = parseInt(e.target.value);\r\n radiusDisplay.textContent = radius + ' cm';\r\n updateAll();\r\n });\r\n\r\n updateAll();\r\n <\/script>\r\n \r\n <style>\r\n .btn-guia {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 24px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n z-index: 999;\r\n background: #3fb950;\r\n color: #0d1117;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n padding: 10px 18px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(63,185,80,0.35);\r\n transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia:hover {\r\n transform: translateY(-2px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(63,185,80,0.5);\r\n }\r\n\r\n .guia-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 70px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n width: 420px;\r\n height: 520px;\r\n z-index: 1000;\r\n background: rgba(22, 27, 34, 0.97);\r\n border: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);\r\n display: none;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(16px);\r\n }\r\n .guia-panel.visible { display: flex; }\r\n\r\n .guia-header {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n padding: 12px 16px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #e6edf3;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .guia-close {\r\n background: none;\r\n border: none;\r\n color: #8b949e;\r\n font-size: 1.1rem;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n padding: 2px 6px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n transition: color 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n .guia-close:hover { color: #e6edf3; }\r\n\r\n .guia-iframe {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n flex: 1;\r\n border: none;\r\n background: white;\r\n }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n  y \r\n ==================================================== -->\r\n \r\n<style>\r\n .btn-guia {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 24px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n z-index: 999;\r\n background: #3fb950;\r\n color: #0d1117;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n padding: 10px 18px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(63,185,80,0.35);\r\n transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia:hover {\r\n transform: translateY(-2px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(63,185,80,0.5);\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; flex-shrink: 0; }\r\n \r\n .guia-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 72px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n width: 400px;\r\n max-height: 70vh;\r\n z-index: 1000;\r\n background: rgba(22, 27, 34, 0.97);\r\n border: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.7);\r\n display: none;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(16px);\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n }\r\n .guia-panel.visible { display: flex; }\r\n \r\n .guia-header {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n padding: 12px 16px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #30363d;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n }\r\n .guia-header-title {\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #e6edf3;\r\n }\r\n .guia-header-title svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; color: #3fb950; }\r\n .guia-close {\r\n background: none;\r\n border: none;\r\n color: #8b949e;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n padding: 2px 7px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n transition: color 0.2s, background 0.2s;\r\n line-height: 1;\r\n }\r\n .guia-close:hover { color: #e6edf3; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06); }\r\n \r\n .guia-body {\r\n overflow-y: auto;\r\n padding: 18px 18px 20px;\r\n color: #c9d1d9;\r\n font-size: 0.83rem;\r\n line-height: 1.65;\r\n }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 5px; }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #30363d; border-radius: 3px; }\r\n \r\n .guia-section-title {\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #e6edf3;\r\n margin: 0 0 12px 0;\r\n padding-bottom: 8px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #21262d;\r\n }\r\n .guia-block { margin-bottom: 14px; }\r\n .guia-label {\r\n font-size: 0.72rem;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n color: #8b949e;\r\n margin-bottom: 4px;\r\n }\r\n .guia-text { color: #c9d1d9; }\r\n .guia-formula {\r\n background: #161b22;\r\n border: 1px solid #21262d;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\r\n font-size: 0.88rem;\r\n color: #f0e68c;\r\n margin: 10px 0;\r\n }\r\n .guia-steps { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; counter-reset: steps; }\r\n .guia-steps li {\r\n counter-increment: steps;\r\n display: flex;\r\n gap: 10px;\r\n margin-bottom: 8px;\r\n align-items: flex-start;\r\n }\r\n .guia-steps li::before {\r\n content: counter(steps);\r\n background: #21262d;\r\n color: #3fb950;\r\n font-size: 0.72rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n width: 20px;\r\n height: 20px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: center;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n margin-top: 1px;\r\n border: 1px solid #3fb950;\r\n }\r\n .guia-result {\r\n background: #0d1f12;\r\n border-left: 3px solid #3fb950;\r\n border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n color: #7ee787;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n margin-top: 10px;\r\n }\r\n .guia-params {\r\n background: #161b22;\r\n border: 1px solid #21262d;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n font-size: 0.8rem;\r\n color: #8b949e;\r\n }\r\n .guia-params span { color: #58a6ff; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; }\r\n .var { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; }\r\n .var.pos { color: #f85149; } \/* rojo: cargas positivas, E *\/\r\n .var.neg { color: #58a6ff; } \/* azul: cargas negativas, dA *\/\r\n .var.neu { color: #f0e68c; } \/* amarillo: f\u00f3rmulas, flujo *\/\r\n .var.ok { color: #3fb950; } \/* verde: resultados, punto prueba *\/\r\n<\/style>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n .btn-guia {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 24px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n z-index: 999;\r\n background: #3fb950;\r\n color: #0d1117;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n padding: 10px 18px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: none;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(63,185,80,0.35);\r\n transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia:hover {\r\n transform: translateY(-2px);\r\n box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(63,185,80,0.5);\r\n }\r\n .btn-guia svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; flex-shrink: 0; }\r\n .guia-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 72px;\r\n left: 24px;\r\n width: 400px;\r\n max-height: 70vh;\r\n z-index: 1000;\r\n background: #ffffff;\r\n border: 1px solid #d0d7de;\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);\r\n display: none;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n }\r\n .guia-panel.visible { display: flex; }\r\n .guia-header {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n padding: 12px 16px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d7de;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n background: #f6f8fa;\r\n }\r\n .guia-header-title {\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n }\r\n .guia-header-title svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; color: #3fb950; }\r\n .guia-close {\r\n background: none;\r\n border: none;\r\n color: #636c76;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n padding: 2px 7px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n transition: color 0.2s, background 0.2s;\r\n line-height: 1;\r\n }\r\n .guia-close:hover { color: #1f2328; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.06); }\r\n .guia-body {\r\n overflow-y: auto;\r\n padding: 18px 18px 20px;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n font-size: 0.83rem;\r\n line-height: 1.65;\r\n background: #ffffff;\r\n }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 5px; }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }\r\n .guia-body::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: #d0d7de; border-radius: 3px; }\r\n .guia-section-title {\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n margin: 0 0 12px 0;\r\n padding-bottom: 8px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d0d7de;\r\n }\r\n .guia-block { margin-bottom: 14px; }\r\n .guia-label {\r\n font-size: 0.72rem;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n letter-spacing: 1px;\r\n color: #636c76;\r\n margin-bottom: 4px;\r\n }\r\n .guia-text { color: #1f2328; }\r\n .guia-formula {\r\n background: #f6f8fa;\r\n border: 1px solid #d0d7de;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n text-align: center;\r\n font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\r\n font-size: 0.88rem;\r\n color: #0550ae;\r\n margin: 10px 0;\r\n }\r\n .guia-steps { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; counter-reset: steps; }\r\n .guia-steps li {\r\n counter-increment: steps;\r\n display: flex;\r\n gap: 10px;\r\n margin-bottom: 8px;\r\n align-items: flex-start;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n }\r\n .guia-steps li::before {\r\n content: counter(steps);\r\n background: #dafbe1;\r\n color: #1a7f37;\r\n font-size: 0.72rem;\r\n font-weight: 700;\r\n width: 20px;\r\n height: 20px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: center;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n margin-top: 1px;\r\n border: 1px solid #1a7f37;\r\n }\r\n .guia-result {\r\n background: #dafbe1;\r\n border-left: 3px solid #1a7f37;\r\n border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n font-size: 0.82rem;\r\n margin-top: 10px;\r\n }\r\n .guia-params {\r\n background: #f6f8fa;\r\n border: 1px solid #d0d7de;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n font-size: 0.8rem;\r\n color: #1f2328;\r\n }\r\n .guia-params span { color: #0550ae; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; }\r\n .var { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; }\r\n .var.pos { color: #cf222e; }\r\n .var.neg { color: #0550ae; }\r\n .var.neu { color: #7d4e00; }\r\n .var.ok { color: #1a7f37; }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"guia-panel\" id=\"guiaPanel\">\r\n <div class=\"guia-header\">\r\n <div class=\"guia-header-title\">\r\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 3h6a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v14a3 3 0 0 0-3-3H2z\"\/><path d=\"M22 3h-6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v14a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h7z\"\/><\/svg>\r\n Gu\u00eda de uso\r\n <\/div>\r\n <button class=\"guia-close\" onclick=\"toggleGuia()\">\u2715<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"guia-body\">\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n<div style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; color: #333;\">\r\n<h3 style=\"color: #0056b3;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000080;\">Ley de Gauss: Carga Puntual<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000080;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #ff0000;\"> <\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Objetivo:<\/strong> Analizar la simetr\u00eda esf\u00e9rica del campo el\u00e9ctrico generado por una carga puntual y verificar que el flujo neto a trav\u00e9s de una superficie gaussiana esf\u00e9rica depende exclusivamente del valor de dicha carga.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Descripci\u00f3n breve:<\/strong> Simulaci\u00f3n interactiva que sit\u00faa una carga puntual en el centro de una superficie esf\u00e9rica de radio variable. Permite visualizar la perpendicularidad entre el vector campo el\u00e9ctrico y el vector diferencial de \u00e1rea en toda la superficie, facilitando el c\u00e1lculo del flujo mediante la relaci\u00f3n:<\/span>\r\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">\\( \\Phi = E \\cdot A = E \\cdot (4\\pi r^2) \\)<\/span><\/div>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Es una herramienta ideal para demostrar por qu\u00e9 el campo el\u00e9ctrico de una carga puntual decae con el cuadrado de la distancia \\((1\/r^2)\\).<\/span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>C\u00f3mo usar (pasos):<\/strong><\/span>\r\n<ul style=\"margin-left: 20px;\">\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Asignar un valor y signo a la carga central (\\(q\\)).<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Modificar el radio (\\(r\\)) de la superficie esf\u00e9rica gaussiana mediante el control deslizante.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Activar la visualizaci\u00f3n de los vectores \\(\\mathbf{E}\\) y \\(d\\mathbf{A}\\) para comprobar que son paralelos en cualquier punto de la esfera.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Observar el valor de la intensidad del campo el\u00e9ctrico (\\(E\\)) en la superficie a medida que cambia el radio.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Consultar el panel num\u00e9rico para verificar que el flujo total (\\(\\Phi\\)) permanece constante aunque el radio de la esfera cambie.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Par\u00e1metros ajustables:<\/strong> Magnitud y signo de la carga (\\(q\\)), radio de la esfera (\\(r\\)), mostrar\/ocultar vectores, mostrar\/ocultar l\u00edneas de campo y visualizaci\u00f3n de la densidad de flujo.<\/span>\r\n<p style=\"background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 15px; border-left: 5px solid #0056b3;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><strong>Resultados esperados \/ observaciones:<\/strong> El flujo el\u00e9ctrico total es constante para un valor de \\(q\\) dado, sin importar el radio elegido. Al aumentar el radio, la intensidad del campo (\\(E\\)) disminuye, pero como el \u00e1rea (\\(4\\pi r^2\\)) aumenta en la misma proporci\u00f3n, el flujo no var\u00eda. Esto confirma que el flujo depende solo de la fuente (la carga).<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<button class=\"btn-guia\" onclick=\"toggleGuia()\">\r\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M2 3h6a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v14a3 3 0 0 0-3-3H2z\"\/><path d=\"M22 3h-6a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v14a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h7z\"\/><\/svg>\r\n Gu\u00eda de uso\r\n<\/button>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n function toggleGuia() {\r\n document.getElementById('guiaPanel').classList.toggle('visible');\r\n }\r\n<\/script>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ley de Gauss – Visualizaci\u00f3n del Campo El\u00e9ctrico VISUALIZACI\u00d3N DEL CAMPO EL\u00c9CTRICO Ley de Gauss de la Electrost\u00e1tica Carga positiva Q Vector campo el\u00e9ctrico E…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6030","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>ley_de_gauss_carga_puntual - 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