{"id":5652,"date":"2026-03-06T22:33:21","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T01:33:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/?page_id=5652"},"modified":"2026-03-19T14:59:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T17:59:17","slug":"campo_electrico_potencial_electrico","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/index.php\/campo_electrico_potencial_electrico\/","title":{"rendered":"campo_electrico_potencial_electrico"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n \r\n FLUXAR - Simulacion Fisica Precisa<\/title>\r\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Space+Grotesk:wght@400;500;700&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n <script src=\"https:\/\/cdn.tailwindcss.com\"><\/script>\r\n <style>\r\n :root {\r\n --bg-primary: #05080f;\r\n --bg-secondary: #0f1520;\r\n --bg-tertiary: #1a2332;\r\n --text-primary: #e8edf5;\r\n --text-secondary: #8b9cb8;\r\n --accent-positive: #ef4444;\r\n --accent-negative: #3b82f6;\r\n --accent-field: #f97316;\r\n --accent-vector: #eab308;\r\n --border-color: #2d3a4f;\r\n --panel-bg: rgba(15, 21, 32, 0.95);\r\n }\r\n \r\n * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n \r\n body {\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n background: var(--bg-primary);\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n }\r\n \r\n #canvas-container {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n top: 0; left: 0;\r\n width: 100%; height: 100%;\r\n z-index: 1;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .control-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n top: 20px; left: 20px;\r\n width: 320px;\r\n max-height: calc(100vh - 40px);\r\n background: var(--panel-bg);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 16px;\r\n z-index: 100;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(20px);\r\n overflow-y: auto;\r\n scrollbar-width: thin;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .panel-header {\r\n padding: 20px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.08), transparent);\r\n }\r\n \r\n .panel-header h1 { font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; }\r\n .panel-header p { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-top: 4px; }\r\n \r\n .panel-section {\r\n padding: 16px 20px;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n }\r\n \r\n .section-title {\r\n font-size: 0.7rem;\r\n font-weight: 500;\r\n text-transform: uppercase;\r\n letter-spacing: 0.1em;\r\n color: var(--text-secondary);\r\n margin-bottom: 12px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-row {\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n padding: 8px 0;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-label {\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-label .dot {\r\n width: 8px; height: 8px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-switch {\r\n position: relative;\r\n width: 44px; height: 24px;\r\n background: var(--bg-tertiary);\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n transition: background 0.3s ease;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-switch.active { background: var(--accent-field); }\r\n \r\n .toggle-switch::after {\r\n content: '';\r\n position: absolute;\r\n top: 3px; left: 3px;\r\n width: 18px; height: 18px;\r\n background: var(--text-primary);\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n transition: transform 0.3s ease;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .toggle-switch.active::after { transform: translateX(20px); }\r\n \r\n .slider-control { margin: 12px 0; }\r\n \r\n .slider-header {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n margin-bottom: 8px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .slider-value {\r\n font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\r\n font-size: 0.8rem;\r\n color: var(--accent-field);\r\n background: rgba(249, 115, 22, 0.15);\r\n padding: 2px 8px;\r\n border-radius: 4px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n input[type=\"range\"] {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 6px;\r\n background: var(--bg-tertiary);\r\n border-radius: 3px;\r\n outline: none;\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n }\r\n \r\n input[type=\"range\"]::-webkit-slider-thumb {\r\n -webkit-appearance: none;\r\n width: 18px; height: 18px;\r\n background: var(--accent-field);\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .charge-list { max-height: 220px; overflow-y: auto; margin-bottom: 12px; }\r\n \r\n .charge-item {\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 10px;\r\n padding: 10px;\r\n background: var(--bg-tertiary);\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n margin-bottom: 8px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .charge-indicator {\r\n width: 12px; height: 12px;\r\n border-radius: 50%;\r\n flex-shrink: 0;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .charge-indicator.positive { background: var(--accent-positive); box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--accent-positive); }\r\n .charge-indicator.negative { background: var(--accent-negative); box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--accent-negative); }\r\n \r\n .charge-input {\r\n width: 70px;\r\n background: var(--bg-secondary);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n padding: 6px 10px;\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .charge-input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--accent-field); }\r\n \r\n .btn-remove {\r\n width: 28px; height: 28px;\r\n background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.2);\r\n border: none;\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n color: var(--accent-positive);\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n justify-content: center;\r\n transition: background 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .btn-remove:hover { background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.4); }\r\n \r\n .btn-group { display: flex; gap: 8px; margin-top: 12px; }\r\n \r\n .btn {\r\n flex: 1;\r\n padding: 10px 16px;\r\n border: none;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n font-family: 'Space Grotesk', sans-serif;\r\n font-size: 0.85rem;\r\n font-weight: 500;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n transition: all 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .btn-primary { background: var(--accent-field); color: white; }\r\n .btn-primary:hover { background: #ea580c; transform: translateY(-1px); }\r\n .btn-secondary { background: var(--bg-tertiary); color: var(--text-primary); border: 1px solid var(--border-color); }\r\n .btn-secondary:hover { background: var(--border-color); }\r\n \r\n .preset-buttons { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 8px; }\r\n \r\n .preset-btn {\r\n padding: 8px;\r\n background: var(--bg-tertiary);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 6px;\r\n color: var(--text-primary);\r\n font-size: 0.8rem;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n transition: all 0.2s;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .preset-btn:hover, .preset-btn.active { background: var(--accent-field); border-color: var(--accent-field); }\r\n \r\n .info-panel {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n top: 20px; right: 20px;\r\n width: 280px;\r\n background: var(--panel-bg);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 16px;\r\n z-index: 100;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(20px);\r\n padding: 20px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .info-row {\r\n display: flex;\r\n justify-content: space-between;\r\n padding: 8px 0;\r\n border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(45, 58, 79, 0.5);\r\n }\r\n \r\n .info-row:last-child { border-bottom: none; }\r\n .info-label { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); }\r\n .info-value { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.85rem; }\r\n \r\n .vector-display {\r\n margin-top: 12px;\r\n padding: 12px;\r\n background: var(--bg-tertiary);\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .vector-components {\r\n display: grid;\r\n grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);\r\n gap: 8px;\r\n margin-top: 8px;\r\n }\r\n \r\n .vector-comp { text-align: center; padding: 6px; background: var(--bg-secondary); border-radius: 4px; }\r\n .vector-comp-label { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--text-secondary); }\r\n .vector-comp-value { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--accent-vector); }\r\n \r\n .logo-container {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 20px; right: 20px;\r\n z-index: 100;\r\n padding: 12px 16px;\r\n background: var(--panel-bg);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 12px;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(20px);\r\n }\r\n \r\n .logo-text { font-weight: 700; font-size: 1rem; }\r\n .logo-text span { color: var(--accent-field); }\r\n .logo-tagline { font-size: 0.65rem; color: var(--text-secondary); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.15em; }\r\n \r\n .instructions {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 20px;\r\n left: 50%;\r\n transform: translateX(-50%);\r\n z-index: 100;\r\n padding: 10px 20px;\r\n background: var(--panel-bg);\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n border-radius: 30px;\r\n backdrop-filter: blur(20px);\r\n font-size: 0.8rem;\r\n color: var(--text-secondary);\r\n }\r\n \r\n .instructions strong { color: var(--text-primary); }\r\n \r\n .logo-box {\r\n position: fixed;\r\n bottom: 20px;\r\n right: 20px;\r\n display: flex;\r\n align-items: center;\r\n gap: 10px;\r\n background: rgba(22, 27, 34, 0.9);\r\n padding: 10px 14px;\r\n border-radius: 8px;\r\n border: 1px solid var(--border-color);\r\n z-index: 100;\r\n }\r\n .logo-img { width: 100px; }\r\n .logo-text { font-size: 0.7rem; line-height: 1.3; color: var(--text-muted); }\r\n .logo-text b { display: block; color: var(--text-main); font-weight: 600; }\r\n <\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n <div id=\"canvas-container\"><\/div>\r\n \r\n <!-- Panel de Control -->\r\n <div class=\"control-panel\">\r\n <div class=\"panel-header\">\r\n <h1>Campo Electrico y Potencial<\/h1>\r\n <p>Simulacion interactiva 3D<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"panel-section\">\r\n <div class=\"section-title\">Visualizacion<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-row\">\r\n <span class=\"toggle-label\"><span class=\"dot\" style=\"background: var(--accent-field);\"><\/span>Lineas de campo<\/span>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-switch active\" id=\"tglFieldLines\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-row\">\r\n <span class=\"toggle-label\"><span class=\"dot\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(45deg, #3b82f6, #22c55e);\"><\/span>Superficies Eq.<\/span>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-switch active\" id=\"tglEquipotential\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-row\">\r\n <span class=\"toggle-label\"><span class=\"dot\" style=\"background: var(--accent-vector);\"><\/span>Vector en Sonda<\/span>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-switch active\" id=\"tglVector\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-row\">\r\n <span class=\"toggle-label\"><span class=\"dot\" style=\"background: #22c55e;\"><\/span>Punto de medicion<\/span>\r\n <div class=\"toggle-switch active\" id=\"tglProbe\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"panel-section\">\r\n <div class=\"section-title\">Parametros<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"slider-control\">\r\n <div class=\"slider-header\">\r\n <span class=\"slider-label\">Superficies<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"slider-value\" id=\"valSurface\">6<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <input type=\"range\" min=\"2\" max=\"12\" value=\"6\" id=\"sldSurface\">\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"slider-control\">\r\n <div class=\"slider-header\">\r\n <span class=\"slider-label\">Lineas por carga<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"slider-value\" id=\"valLines\">12<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <input type=\"range\" min=\"6\" max=\"24\" value=\"12\" id=\"sldLines\">\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"panel-section\">\r\n <div class=\"section-title\">Configuracion de Cargas<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"preset-buttons\">\r\n <button class=\"preset-btn\" id=\"preset1\">1 Carga<\/button>\r\n <button class=\"preset-btn active\" id=\"preset2\">Dipolo<\/button>\r\n <button class=\"preset-btn\" id=\"preset3\">Triada<\/button>\r\n <button class=\"preset-btn\" id=\"preset4\">Cuadrupolo<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"charge-list\" id=\"chargeListContainer\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"btn-group\">\r\n <button class=\"btn btn-primary\" id=\"btnAddPos\">+ Positiva<\/button>\r\n <button class=\"btn btn-primary\" id=\"btnAddNeg\">- Negativa<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"panel-section\">\r\n <div class=\"btn-group\" style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <button class=\"btn btn-secondary\" id=\"btnReset\">Restablecer<\/button>\r\n <button class=\"btn btn-secondary\" id=\"btnClear\">Limpiar<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <!-- Panel de Informaci\u00f3n -->\r\n <div class=\"info-panel\" id=\"infoPanel\">\r\n <div class=\"section-title\">Punto de Medicion (Sonda)<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"info-row\">\r\n <span class=\"info-label\">Posicion (x, y, z)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"info-value\" id=\"infoPos\">0.0, 0.0, 0.0<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"info-row\">\r\n <span class=\"info-label\">Potencial (V)<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"info-value\" id=\"infoV\">0.00<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"info-row\">\r\n <span class=\"info-label\">|E| Magnitud<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"info-value\" id=\"infoEMag\">0.00<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"info-row\">\r\n <span class=\"info-label\">Longitud Vector<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"info-value\" id=\"infoArrowLen\">0.00<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-display\">\r\n <div class=\"info-label\">Vector Campo E (N\/C)<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-components\">\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp\">\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-label\">Ex<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-value\" id=\"infoEx\">0.0<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp\">\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-label\">Ey<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-value\" id=\"infoEy\">0.0<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp\">\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-label\">Ez<\/div>\r\n <div class=\"vector-comp-value\" id=\"infoEz\">0.0<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"instructions\">\r\n <strong>Scroll Suave<\/strong> activado | <strong>Arrastra<\/strong> cargas o sonda | Vector proporcional a |E|\r\n <\/div>\r\n \r\n <div class=\"logo-box\">\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/index.php\/FISAR_SIM\/\" target=\"_blank\">\r\n <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"FISAR_SIM_1\" alt=\"Logo\" class=\"logo-img\"><\/a>\r\n <div class=\"logo-text\"><b>FICA UNSL<\/b>Simulaciones Interactivas<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"importmap\">\r\n {\r\n \"imports\": {\r\n \"three\": \"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/three@0.160.0\/build\/three.module.js\",\r\n \"three\/addons\/\": \"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/three@0.160.0\/examples\/jsm\/\"\r\n }\r\n }\r\n <\/script>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"module\">\r\n import * as THREE from 'three';\r\n import { OrbitControls } from 'three\/addons\/controls\/OrbitControls.js';\r\n \r\n \/\/ --- Constantes y Estado ---\r\n const K = 8.99e9;\r\n let scene, camera, renderer, controls;\r\n let charges = [];\r\n let fieldLinesGroup, equipotentialGroup, probeGroup;\r\n let probeMesh = null;\r\n let probeArrow = null; \r\n let raycaster, mouse;\r\n let isDragging = false;\r\n let draggedObject = null;\r\n let dragPlane = new THREE.Plane(new THREE.Vector3(0, 1, 0), 0);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Estado para Zoom Suave\r\n let goalZoomDistance = 0;\r\n const zoomStep = 1.5; \/\/ Cu\u00e1nto se mueve por clic del scroll\r\n const zoomLerpFactor = 0.1; \/\/ Suavidad (0.1 = suave, 1.0 = instant\u00e1neo)\r\n \r\n const settings = {\r\n showFieldLines: true,\r\n showEquipotential: true,\r\n showProbeVector: true,\r\n showProbe: true,\r\n surfaceCount: 6,\r\n lineDensity: 12\r\n };\r\n\r\n \/\/ --- Inicializaci\u00f3n ---\r\n init();\r\n animate();\r\n\r\n function init() {\r\n \/\/ Escena\r\n scene = new THREE.Scene();\r\n scene.background = new THREE.Color(0x05080f);\r\n \r\n \/\/ C\u00e1mara\r\n camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(55, window.innerWidth \/ window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000);\r\n camera.position.set(10, 8, 10);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Renderer\r\n renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });\r\n renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);\r\n renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2));\r\n document.getElementById('canvas-container').appendChild(renderer.domElement);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Controles Orbitales\r\n controls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);\r\n controls.enableDamping = true;\r\n controls.dampingFactor = 0.05;\r\n controls.rotateSpeed = 0.5;\r\n \r\n \/\/ DESACTIVAR ZOOM NATIVO para usar nuestro sistema suave\r\n controls.enableZoom = false; \r\n \r\n \/\/ Inicializar variables de zoom\r\n goalZoomDistance = camera.position.length();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Raycaster\r\n raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();\r\n mouse = new THREE.Vector2();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Grupos\r\n fieldLinesGroup = new THREE.Group();\r\n equipotentialGroup = new THREE.Group();\r\n probeGroup = new THREE.Group();\r\n scene.add(fieldLinesGroup);\r\n scene.add(equipotentialGroup);\r\n scene.add(probeGroup);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Luces\r\n const ambientLight = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.6);\r\n scene.add(ambientLight);\r\n const dirLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.8);\r\n dirLight.position.set(10, 20, 10);\r\n scene.add(dirLight);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Grid y Ejes\r\n const gridHelper = new THREE.GridHelper(30, 30, 0x1a2332, 0x111827);\r\n scene.add(gridHelper);\r\n createAxes();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Crear sonda\r\n createProbe();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Cargar Preset\r\n loadPreset(2);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Event Listeners\r\n setupEventListeners();\r\n window.addEventListener('resize', onWindowResize);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createAxes() {\r\n const axesMat = [\r\n new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({ color: 0xef4444 }),\r\n new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({ color: 0x22c55e }),\r\n new THREE.LineBasicMaterial({ color: 0x3b82f6 })\r\n ];\r\n const points = [\r\n [new THREE.Vector3(0,0,0), new THREE.Vector3(15,0,0)],\r\n [new THREE.Vector3(0,0,0), new THREE.Vector3(0,15,0)],\r\n [new THREE.Vector3(0,0,0), new THREE.Vector3(0,0,15)]\r\n ];\r\n points.forEach((p, i) => {\r\n const geo = new THREE.BufferGeometry().setFromPoints(p);\r\n scene.add(new THREE.Line(geo, axesMat[i]));\r\n });\r\n }\r\n\r\n function createProbe() {\r\n const group = new THREE.Group();\r\n const geo = new THREE.SphereGeometry(0.2, 32, 32);\r\n const mat = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({ color: 0x22c55e, emissive: 0x22c55e, emissiveIntensity: 0.4 });\r\n const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(geo, mat);\r\n group.add(sphere);\r\n \r\n const ringGeo = new THREE.TorusGeometry(0.3, 0.02, 16, 100);\r\n const ringMat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: 0x22c55e, transparent: true, opacity: 0.6 });\r\n const ring = new THREE.Mesh(ringGeo, ringMat);\r\n ring.rotation.x = Math.PI \/ 2;\r\n group.add(ring);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Flecha din\u00e1mica\r\n const arrowDir = new THREE.Vector3(1, 0, 0);\r\n const arrowOrigin = new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0);\r\n probeArrow = new THREE.ArrowHelper(arrowDir, arrowOrigin, 1, 0xeab308, 0.3, 0.15);\r\n group.add(probeArrow);\r\n \r\n group.position.set(3, 0, 0);\r\n probeMesh = group;\r\n probeMesh.userData.isProbe = true;\r\n probeGroup.add(probeMesh);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function addCharge(q, x, z) {\r\n const chargeObj = {\r\n id: Date.now() + Math.random(),\r\n q: q,\r\n position: new THREE.Vector3(x, 0, z),\r\n mesh: null\r\n };\r\n \r\n const group = new THREE.Group();\r\n const color = q > 0 ? 0xef4444 : 0x3b82f6;\r\n \r\n const sphereGeo = new THREE.SphereGeometry(0.4, 32, 32);\r\n const sphereMat = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({ \r\n color: color, \r\n emissive: color, \r\n emissiveIntensity: 0.3,\r\n shininess: 50\r\n });\r\n const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeo, sphereMat);\r\n group.add(sphere);\r\n \r\n const glowGeo = new THREE.SphereGeometry(0.55, 32, 32);\r\n const glowMat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: color, transparent: true, opacity: 0.15 });\r\n group.add(new THREE.Mesh(glowGeo, glowMat));\r\n \r\n const sign = q > 0 ? \"+\" : \"-\";\r\n const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');\r\n canvas.width = 128; canvas.height = 128;\r\n const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');\r\n ctx.fillStyle = \"white\";\r\n ctx.font = \"bold 100px Arial\";\r\n ctx.textAlign = \"center\";\r\n ctx.textBaseline = \"middle\";\r\n ctx.fillText(sign, 64, 64);\r\n \r\n const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);\r\n const spriteMat = new THREE.SpriteMaterial({ map: texture, transparent: true });\r\n const sprite = new THREE.Sprite(spriteMat);\r\n sprite.scale.set(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);\r\n sprite.position.y = 0.6;\r\n group.add(sprite);\r\n \r\n group.position.copy(chargeObj.position);\r\n group.userData.chargeRef = chargeObj;\r\n \r\n chargeObj.mesh = group;\r\n charges.push(chargeObj);\r\n scene.add(group);\r\n \r\n updateVisualization();\r\n updateChargeList();\r\n return chargeObj;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function removeCharge(id) {\r\n const index = charges.findIndex(c => c.id === id);\r\n if (index !== -1) {\r\n scene.remove(charges[index].mesh);\r\n charges.splice(index, 1);\r\n updateVisualization();\r\n updateChargeList();\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateChargeValue(id, newQ) {\r\n const charge = charges.find(c => c.id === id);\r\n if (charge) {\r\n charge.q = newQ;\r\n const color = newQ > 0 ? 0xef4444 : 0x3b82f6;\r\n const mesh = charge.mesh.children[0];\r\n mesh.material.color.setHex(color);\r\n mesh.material.emissive.setHex(color);\r\n \r\n const sign = newQ > 0 ? \"+\" : \"-\";\r\n const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');\r\n canvas.width = 128; canvas.height = 128;\r\n const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');\r\n ctx.fillStyle = \"white\";\r\n ctx.font = \"bold 100px Arial\";\r\n ctx.textAlign = \"center\";\r\n ctx.textBaseline = \"middle\";\r\n ctx.fillText(sign, 64, 64);\r\n \r\n const sprite = charge.mesh.children[2];\r\n sprite.material.map.dispose();\r\n sprite.material.map = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);\r\n \r\n updateVisualization();\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculateField(position) {\r\n const E = new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0);\r\n for (const c of charges) {\r\n const r = new THREE.Vector3().subVectors(position, c.position);\r\n const rMag = r.length();\r\n if (rMag < 0.5) continue;\r\n \r\n const Emag = K * Math.abs(c.q) \/ (rMag * rMag);\r\n const dir = r.normalize();\r\n \r\n if (c.q > 0) E.add(dir.multiplyScalar(Emag));\r\n else E.sub(dir.multiplyScalar(Emag));\r\n }\r\n return E;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculatePotential(position) {\r\n let V = 0;\r\n for (const c of charges) {\r\n const r = new THREE.Vector3().subVectors(position, c.position);\r\n const rMag = r.length();\r\n if (rMag < 0.5) continue;\r\n V += K * c.q \/ rMag;\r\n }\r\n return V;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateVisualization() {\r\n generateFieldLines();\r\n generateEquipotentialSurfaces();\r\n updateProbeInfo();\r\n }\r\n\r\n function generateFieldLines() {\r\n while(fieldLinesGroup.children.length > 0) {\r\n const obj = fieldLinesGroup.children[0];\r\n if(obj.geometry) obj.geometry.dispose();\r\n if(obj.material) obj.material.dispose();\r\n fieldLinesGroup.remove(obj);\r\n }\r\n if (!settings.showFieldLines) return;\r\n\r\n const stepSize = 0.1;\r\n const maxSteps = 300;\r\n\r\n charges.forEach(charge => {\r\n if (charge.q === 0) return;\r\n \r\n const isPositive = charge.q > 0;\r\n const numLines = settings.lineDensity;\r\n \r\n for (let i = 0; i < numLines; i++) {\r\n const phi = Math.acos(1 - 2 * (i + 0.5) \/ numLines);\r\n const theta = Math.PI * (1 + Math.sqrt(5)) * i;\r\n \r\n const startDir = new THREE.Vector3(\r\n Math.sin(phi) * Math.cos(theta),\r\n Math.cos(phi),\r\n Math.sin(phi) * Math.sin(theta)\r\n );\r\n \r\n const points = [];\r\n let pos = charge.position.clone().add(startDir.clone().multiplyScalar(0.5));\r\n \r\n for (let s = 0; s < maxSteps; s++) {\r\n points.push(pos.clone());\r\n \r\n const E = calculateField(pos);\r\n const Emag = E.length();\r\n if (Emag < 1e2) break;\r\n \r\n const dir = E.normalize();\r\n if (!isPositive) dir.negate();\r\n \r\n pos.add(dir.multiplyScalar(stepSize));\r\n \r\n let reachedEnd = false;\r\n for (const other of charges) {\r\n if (other.id === charge.id) continue;\r\n if (pos.distanceTo(other.position) < 0.5) reachedEnd = true;\r\n }\r\n if (reachedEnd || pos.length() > 20) break;\r\n }\r\n \r\n if (points.length > 2) {\r\n const curve = new THREE.CatmullRomCurve3(points);\r\n const tubeGeo = new THREE.TubeGeometry(curve, points.length, 0.007, 8, false);\r\n const tubeMat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: 0xf97316, transparent: true, opacity: 0.7 });\r\n fieldLinesGroup.add(new THREE.Mesh(tubeGeo, tubeMat));\r\n }\r\n }\r\n });\r\n }\r\n\r\n function generateEquipotentialSurfaces() {\r\n while(equipotentialGroup.children.length > 0) {\r\n const obj = equipotentialGroup.children[0];\r\n if(obj.geometry) obj.geometry.dispose();\r\n if(obj.material) obj.material.dispose();\r\n equipotentialGroup.remove(obj);\r\n }\r\n if (!settings.showEquipotential) return;\r\n\r\n charges.forEach(charge => {\r\n const isPositive = charge.q > 0;\r\n \r\n for (let i = 1; i <= settings.surfaceCount; i++) {\r\n const r = 0.6 + i * 0.5;\r\n const hue = isPositive ? 0.0 : 0.6;\r\n const color = new THREE.Color().setHSL(hue, 0.8, 0.5);\r\n \r\n const sphereGeo = new THREE.SphereGeometry(r, 32, 32);\r\n const sphereMat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({\r\n color: color,\r\n transparent: true,\r\n opacity: 0.08,\r\n side: THREE.DoubleSide\r\n });\r\n const sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeo, sphereMat);\r\n sphere.position.copy(charge.position);\r\n equipotentialGroup.add(sphere);\r\n \r\n const wireMat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({\r\n color: color,\r\n transparent: true,\r\n opacity: 0.2,\r\n wireframe: true\r\n });\r\n const wire = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeo.clone(), wireMat);\r\n wire.position.copy(charge.position);\r\n equipotentialGroup.add(wire);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateProbeInfo() {\r\n if (!probeMesh || !probeArrow) return;\r\n \r\n const pos = probeMesh.position;\r\n const E = calculateField(pos);\r\n const Emag = E.length();\r\n const V = calculatePotential(pos);\r\n \r\n document.getElementById('infoPos').textContent = `${pos.x.toFixed(1)}, ${pos.y.toFixed(1)}, ${pos.z.toFixed(1)}`;\r\n document.getElementById('infoV').textContent = V.toExponential(2);\r\n document.getElementById('infoEMag').textContent = Emag.toExponential(2);\r\n document.getElementById('infoEx').textContent = E.x.toExponential(2);\r\n document.getElementById('infoEy').textContent = E.y.toExponential(2);\r\n document.getElementById('infoEz').textContent = E.z.toExponential(2);\r\n \r\n if (settings.showProbeVector) {\r\n if (Emag > 100) {\r\n probeArrow.visible = true;\r\n \r\n \/\/ DIRECCI\u00d3N\r\n const dir = E.clone().normalize();\r\n \r\n \/\/ LONGITUD PROPORCIONAL\r\n \/\/ Usamos escala logar\u00edtmica para que los cambios sean visibles\r\n \/\/ pero no excesivos. F\u00f3rmula: len = log10(E) * factor\r\n \/\/ Restamos un offset para que E=100 (1e2) empiece en 0 aprox.\r\n const logMag = Math.log10(Emag);\r\n let arrowLength = (logMag - 1.5) * 1.2; \r\n \r\n \/\/ Limitamos estrictamente para que no atraviese la vista\r\n arrowLength = Math.max(0.5, Math.min(arrowLength, 5.0));\r\n \r\n document.getElementById('infoArrowLen').textContent = arrowLength.toFixed(2) + \" uds.\";\r\n \r\n probeArrow.setDirection(dir);\r\n probeArrow.setLength(arrowLength, arrowLength * 0.25, arrowLength * 0.15);\r\n \r\n } else {\r\n probeArrow.visible = false;\r\n document.getElementById('infoArrowLen').textContent = \"0.00 (Campo d\u00e9bil)\";\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n probeArrow.visible = false;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateChargeList() {\r\n const container = document.getElementById('chargeListContainer');\r\n container.innerHTML = '';\r\n \r\n charges.forEach((c, index) => {\r\n const div = document.createElement('div');\r\n div.className = 'charge-item';\r\n const signClass = c.q > 0 ? 'positive' : 'negative';\r\n const valMicro = (c.q * 1e6).toFixed(1);\r\n \r\n div.innerHTML = `\r\n <div class=\"charge-indicator ${signClass}\"><\/div>\r\n <input type=\"number\" class=\"charge-input\" value=\"${valMicro}\" step=\"0.5\" data-id=\"${c.id}\">\r\n <span style=\"font-size:0.8rem; color:var(--text-secondary)\">\u00b5C<\/span>\r\n <button class=\"btn-remove\" data-id=\"${c.id}\">\r\n <svg width=\"14\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\">\r\n <line x1=\"18\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"6\" y2=\"18\"><\/line>\r\n <line x1=\"6\" y1=\"6\" x2=\"18\" y2=\"18\"><\/line>\r\n <\/svg>\r\n <\/button>\r\n `;\r\n container.appendChild(div);\r\n });\r\n \r\n container.querySelectorAll('.charge-input').forEach(input => {\r\n input.addEventListener('change', (e) => {\r\n const id = parseFloat(e.target.dataset.id);\r\n const newQ = parseFloat(e.target.value) * 1e-6;\r\n updateChargeValue(id, newQ);\r\n });\r\n });\r\n \r\n container.querySelectorAll('.btn-remove').forEach(btn => {\r\n btn.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\r\n const id = parseFloat(e.currentTarget.dataset.id);\r\n removeCharge(id);\r\n });\r\n });\r\n }\r\n\r\n function loadPreset(num) {\r\n charges.forEach(c => scene.remove(c.mesh));\r\n charges = [];\r\n \r\n const presets = {\r\n 1: [{ q: 2e-6, x: 0, z: 0 }],\r\n 2: [{ q: 2e-6, x: -2, z: 0 }, { q: -2e-6, x: 2, z: 0 }],\r\n 3: [{ q: 2e-6, x: -2, z: -1 }, { q: 2e-6, x: 2, z: -1 }, { q: -4e-6, x: 0, z: 2 }],\r\n 4: [{ q: 2e-6, x: -2, z: -2 }, { q: -2e-6, x: 2, z: -2 }, { q: 2e-6, x: -2, z: 2 }, { q: -2e-6, x: 2, z: 2 }]\r\n };\r\n \r\n presets[num].forEach(p => addCharge(p.q, p.x, p.z));\r\n \r\n document.querySelectorAll('.preset-btn').forEach((btn, i) => {\r\n btn.classList.toggle('active', i === num - 1);\r\n });\r\n }\r\n\r\n function handleSmoothZoom(event) {\r\n event.preventDefault();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Determinar direcci\u00f3n del zoom\r\n const zoomDirection = event.deltaY > 0 ? 1 : -1;\r\n \r\n \/\/ Calcular nueva distancia objetivo\r\n let currentDistance = camera.position.length();\r\n let targetDistance = currentDistance + (zoomDirection * zoomStep);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Limitar la distancia (Clamp)\r\n targetDistance = Math.max(3, Math.min(targetDistance, 40));\r\n \r\n goalZoomDistance = targetDistance;\r\n }\r\n\r\n function updateSmoothZoom() {\r\n const currentDistance = camera.position.length();\r\n \r\n \/\/ Si ya estamos cerca del objetivo, no hacer nada\r\n if (Math.abs(currentDistance - goalZoomDistance) < 0.01) return;\r\n \r\n \/\/ Interpolar suavemente (Lerp)\r\n const newDistance = THREE.MathUtils.lerp(currentDistance, goalZoomDistance, zoomLerpFactor);\r\n \r\n \/\/ Normalizar y escalar la posici\u00f3n de la c\u00e1mara\r\n camera.position.normalize().multiplyScalar(newDistance);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function setupEventListeners() {\r\n const canvas = renderer.domElement;\r\n \r\n \/\/ Listener custom para el scroll\r\n canvas.addEventListener('wheel', handleSmoothZoom, { passive: false });\r\n \r\n \/\/ Toggles\r\n document.getElementById('tglFieldLines').addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n this.classList.toggle('active');\r\n settings.showFieldLines = this.classList.contains('active');\r\n fieldLinesGroup.visible = settings.showFieldLines;\r\n });\r\n document.getElementById('tglEquipotential').addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n this.classList.toggle('active');\r\n settings.showEquipotential = this.classList.contains('active');\r\n equipotentialGroup.visible = settings.showEquipotential;\r\n });\r\n document.getElementById('tglVector').addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n this.classList.toggle('active');\r\n settings.showProbeVector = this.classList.contains('active');\r\n updateProbeInfo();\r\n });\r\n document.getElementById('tglProbe').addEventListener('click', function() {\r\n this.classList.toggle('active');\r\n settings.showProbe = this.classList.contains('active');\r\n probeGroup.visible = settings.showProbe;\r\n });\r\n \r\n \/\/ Sliders\r\n document.getElementById('sldSurface').addEventListener('input', function() {\r\n settings.surfaceCount = parseInt(this.value);\r\n document.getElementById('valSurface').textContent = this.value;\r\n generateEquipotentialSurfaces();\r\n });\r\n document.getElementById('sldLines').addEventListener('input', function() {\r\n settings.lineDensity = parseInt(this.value);\r\n document.getElementById('valLines').textContent = this.value;\r\n generateFieldLines();\r\n });\r\n \r\n \/\/ Presets\r\n document.getElementById('preset1').addEventListener('click', () => loadPreset(1));\r\n document.getElementById('preset2').addEventListener('click', () => loadPreset(2));\r\n document.getElementById('preset3').addEventListener('click', () => loadPreset(3));\r\n document.getElementById('preset4').addEventListener('click', () => loadPreset(4));\r\n \r\n \/\/ Botones Add\r\n document.getElementById('btnAddPos').addEventListener('click', () => addCharge(1e-6, (Math.random()-0.5)*4, (Math.random()-0.5)*4));\r\n document.getElementById('btnAddNeg').addEventListener('click', () => addCharge(-1e-6, (Math.random()-0.5)*4, (Math.random()-0.5)*4));\r\n \r\n \/\/ Reset y Clear\r\n document.getElementById('btnReset').addEventListener('click', () => {\r\n camera.position.set(10, 8, 10);\r\n controls.reset();\r\n goalZoomDistance = camera.position.length();\r\n });\r\n document.getElementById('btnClear').addEventListener('click', () => {\r\n charges.forEach(c => scene.remove(c.mesh));\r\n charges = [];\r\n updateVisualization();\r\n updateChargeList();\r\n });\r\n \r\n \/\/ Dragging\r\n canvas.addEventListener('mousedown', (e) => {\r\n mouse.x = (e.clientX \/ window.innerWidth) * 2 - 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Vector en Sonda Punto de medicion Parametros…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5652","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>campo_electrico_potencial_electrico - F\u00edsica 2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fisica2.fica.unsl.edu.ar\/index.php\/campo_electrico_potencial_electrico\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"campo_electrico_potencial_electrico - F\u00edsica 2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"FLUXAR – Simulacion Fisica Precisa Campo Electrico y Potencial Simulacion interactiva 3D Visualizacion Lineas de campo Superficies Eq. 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